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„Old Armenian and Caucasian Calendar Systems.
2. Armenian hor̂i and sahmi
von Jost Gippert (1987).
Sie sollte nicht zitiert werden. Zitate sind der Originalausgabe in
„The Annual of The Society for The Study of Caucasia“
1, 1989, 3-12
zu entnehmen.

Attention!
This is a special internet edition of the article
„Old Armenian and Caucasian Calendar Systems.
2. Armenian hor̂i and sahmi
by Jost Gippert (1987).
It should not be quoted as such. For quotations, please refer to the original edition in
„The Annual of The Society for The Study of Caucasia“
1, 1989, 3-12.



Alle Rechte vorbehalten / All rights reserved:
Jost Gippert, Frankfurt 1999-2001

0.    The first part of this article appeared in the Annual of Armenian Linguistics, 8, 1987, pp. 63-72. A third part devoted to the month names of the Caucasian Albanians will be printed in the following issue of that journal. [Additamentum: The third part appeared in Annual of Armenian Linguistics, 9, 1988, pp. 35-46.] [back / zurück]


1.    The etymology was first proposod by M. Brosset Je in his "Extrait du manuscrit arménien no 114 de la Bibliothèque royale;" cf. Journal asiatique, Sér. 2, 10 = 21, 1832, p. 528 sq. [back / zurück]


2.    A statement like R. Schmitt's (“Auch ist mir kein Rest solcher numerischer Monatsnamengebung aus dem südkaukasischen Raum bekannt,” Annual of Armenian Linguistics, 6, 1985, p. 96) can hardly be a convincing argument. [back / zurück]


3.    “Jvel-kartuli c’armartuli k’alendari, 2,” in: Sakartvelos muzeumis moambe, 7, 1931-32, pp. 304-315. [back / zurück]


4.    Cf. Schmitt, op.cit., note 50, who obviously means the Modern Georglan rule. His example, by the way, is the wrong one: Just as in French, the first day of the month is an exception, being the only day to be denoted by the ordinal number today (“1 July” = p’irveli ivlisi, but “2 July” = ori ivlisi; cf., e.g., K. Tschenkeli, Einführung in die georgische Sprache 1, Zürich 1958, p. 237). [back / zurück]


5.    For convenient information, c£ the German translation by G. Pätsch (Bedi Kartlisa 33 1975, pp. 288-337). The text was last edited in the collection Jveli kartuli agiograpiuli lit’erat’uris jeglebi (Monuments of Old Georgian hagiographic literature), 1, Tbilisi 1963, pp. 81-163, with both versions printed synoptically. [back / zurück]


6.    This is the reading of the older version; the younger text (the so called “Č’eliši” version) gives the years 5841 and 318, for which cf. below. [back / zurück]


7.    For the text passages quoted so far, cf. p. 114 sq. of the edition and p. 308 sq. of the translation. In the Šat’berd text, the datings read as follows: ttuesa p’irvelsa atxutmet’sa / ttuesa p’irvelsa oc da atsa, dġesa p’arask’evsa / ttuesa meotxesa, the Č’eliši variant omits the first dating and renders the second without the number of the day: masve tuesa p’irvelsa, dġesa p’arask’evsa “In the same (!) first month, on a Friday.” [back / zurück]


8.    This is the Georgian form of the name of Ahura Mazda, cf. Aramazd occurring in Armenian tradition. [back / zurück]


9.    For this passage, cf. p. 122 of the edition and p. 313 of the translation. The Šat’berd text gives the ordinal number only once: dġe iq’o meekuse ttwsay mis “the day was the sixth of the month” whereas the Č’eliši version reads as follows: tue iq’o meekuse, da dġe iq’o meekuse twsa mis egretve “the month was the sixth, and the day was the sixth of the month as well.” [back / zurück]


10.    Matthew 17, 1-13; Mark. 9, 2-13; Luke 9, 28-36. [back / zurück]


11.    Cf. the edition by S. Q’auxčišvili, Kartlis cxovreba, 1, Tbilisi 1955, pp. 72-124; a German translation by G. Pätsch appeared in 1985 (Das Leben Kartlis, Leipzig pp. 131-180). Two other “metaphrastic” versions were published in Jveli kartuli agiograpiuli lit’erat’uris jeglebi 3, Tbilisi 1971, pp. 7-83. They do not contain the datings in question. [back / zurück]


12.    Cxovreba, p. 85 l. 5 sq.: tuesa meotxesa, romel ars ivnisi.. [back / zurück]


13.    Cf. K’. K’ek’elije, “Jveli kartuli c’elic’adi,” in: Et’iudebi jveli kartuli lit’erat’uris ist’oriidan 1, 1956, pp. 121-124. Differing from Ingoroq’va, this author concluded that the year beginning with the month of March was a feature of the IX-X centuries. [back / zurück]


14.    Cf. I. Abulaje in his edition of the Patmowt‛iwn Vrac‛, Kartlis cxovrebis jveli somxuri targmani, Tbilisi 1953, p. 025 sq. [back / zurück]


15.    For the quotations, cf. p. 80 and 85 sq., resp., of Abulaje's edition. [back / zurück]


16.    That the legend as preserved in the “Conversion” cannot be regarded as being as “archaic” as its contents suggest, was first pointed out by N. Marr in 1897 (“Xiton gospoden v knižnyx legendax armjan, gruzin i sirijcev,” in Sbornik statej učenikov .. Viktora Romanoviča Rozena, Sanktpeterburg 1897, p. 721). Marr drew attention to the fact that the text contains a New Persian sentence using the Arabic word rasūl. [back / zurück]


17.    Cf. p. 134 l. 40 / 148, 17 / 148, 25 of the edition in Jveli kartuli agiograpiuli lit’erat’uris jeglebi 3, Tbilisi 1971. [back / zurück]


18.    Cf. 2.1.2.a) of my article “Die altgeorgischen Monatsnamen” (to appear in the Proceedings of the 3rd Caucasian Colloquium, Oslo 1986) for the attestations. [Additamentum: The article appeared in: Studia Caucasologica I. Proceedings of the Third Caucasian Colloquium, Oslo, July 1986, ed. F. Thordarson, Oslo 1988, p. 87-154; the page in question is p. 100.] [back / zurück]


19.    Cf., e.g., P. Peeters, “St. Grégoire l'Illuminateur dans le Calendrier lapidaire de Naples,” Analecta Bollandiana 60, 1942, p. 92 referring to the Greek synaxary. [back / zurück]


20.    Cf. the edition by I. Abulaje in the Xelnac’erta inst’it’ut’is moambe (“Herald of the Institute of Manuscripts”), 2, 1960, p. 163, repr. in the author's “Works” (Šromebi), 4, Tbilisi 1985, p. 91. [back / zurück]


21.    Cf. p. 79, l. 10 sq. of Abulaje's edition of the Patmowt‛iwn; the “metaphrasis” of Leont’i Mroveli agrees with the Patmowt‛iwn (p. 84, l. 9 sq. of the edition in Kartlis cxovreba and p. 141 of Pätsch's translation). [back / zurück]


22.    Cf. note 6. above. [back / zurück]


23.    Cf. note 9. above. [back / zurück]


24.    Cf. p. 92, l. 16 sqq. of the edition in Kartlis cxovreba: xolo odes ikmna ese, žami iq’o meekuse, da dġe meekuse da twsa mis, odes igi evmanoel .. “And when this happened, it was the sixth hour, and the sixth day and (!) of the month, when Evmanoel ..” [back / zurück]


25.    It is an interesting coincidence that according to the gospels of Matthew and Mark, the Lord's “transfiguration” happened “after six days,” too. - If we can assume that the marginal gloss in question was written in Greek, we can perhaps motivate the actual text of the Šat’berd version and of the “chronicle” by a misunderstanding of the abbreviated writing Ϛ (= 6) αυ'τoυ for Ϛ αὐγούστου (μηνός). — For an evaluation of the fact that the “Transfiguration Day” is mentioned in the text, cf. below. [back / zurück]


26.    There are 17 and 19 occurrences, resp., in the material investigated in my “Monatsnamen.” Six examples with cardinals in a construction reflecting the Latin “calendae”-formula must be added. [back / zurück]


27.    Numbers below ten, denoted by ordinals: 10 examples / cardinals: 5; numbers beyond 20, denoted by ordinals: 1 example / cardinals: 9. [back / zurück]


28.    Cf. the modern usage, too (cf. note 4., above). [back / zurück]


29.    Cf., e.g., G.A. Klimov, Ėtimologičeskij slovar' kartvel'skix jazykov, Moskva 1964, p. 149 s.v. *jor-. [back / zurück]


30.    Cf. the discussion of the problem in K.H. Schmidt, Studien zur Rekonstruktion des Lautstandes der südkaukasischen Grundsprache, Wiesbaden 1962, p. 28-30. For a more recent treatise cf. I. Melikišvili, “Kartvelur enata ori izolirebuli bgeratpardobis axsnisatvis,” in Tanamedrove zogadi enatmecnierebis sak’itxebi (Questions of contemporary general linguistics) 6, 1981, p. 70 sqq. [back / zurück]


31.    It has to be noted that word internal “falling diphthongs” such as -ay- are not found in the phonology of the Kartvelian languages. [back / zurück]


32.    Cf. § 210, p. 216 of Thomson's edition. — For the sound change y- > h- cf. J. Karst, Historische Grammatik des Kililisch-Armenischen, Straßburg 1901, p. 34sq. (§ 23). [back / zurück]


33.    Cf. § 815, p. 352 of the same edition. [back / zurück]






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